Overview of Positions towards photography

after notes on John L. Ward

PUBLICATIONS

Book: The Criticism of Photography as Art: The Photographs of Jerry Uelsmann, 1970.

Periodicals: “Historical Survey of Approaches to Criticism,” Photo Communique, May/Jun-Sept/Oct 1979.

BIBLIOGRAPHY of criticism he referenced:

1.Pictorialism 
a.Esthetics 
Anderson, P. L. Pictorial Photography, Its Principles and Practice. 
Philadelphia, 1917. 
"Monsieur Demachy and English Photographic Art." Remarks by A.M., Robert Demachy, C. B. Shaw, F. H. Evans, F. M. Sutcliffe. Camera Work 18 (April, 1907), 41-49. 
Robinson, Henry Peach. Pictorial Effect in Photography. London, 1896. 
Tilney, F. C. “What Pictorialism Is." The Photo-Miniature 16 (January, 1924}: 565. 

b.Criticism 
Caffin, Charles H. Photography as a Fine Art. New York, 1901. 
Hartmann, Sadakichi. "Gertrude Kessebier." The Photographic Times 32 (May, 1900): 195-99. 
"Rudolph Eickemeyer, Jr." The Photographic Times 32 (April, 1900): 161-66. 
Johnston, J. Dudley. "The Art of Alexander Keighley, Hon FRPS." The American Annual of Photography 1949 63: 7-22. 

2.Purism 
a.Esthetics 
Craven, Thomas. "Art and the Camera." Nation 118 (April 16, 1924): 456-57. 
Eastlake, Lady Elizabeth. "Photography." London Quarterly Review (American edition) 101 (1857): 241-55. 
Gernsheim, Helmut. New Photo Vision. London, 1942. 
Pennell, Joseph. "Is Photography among the Fine Arts?"' Contemporary Review 72 (1897), 824-36. 
Weston, Edward. "Techniques of Photographic Art." Encyclopedia Britannica 17 (1957): 801-2. 

b.Criticism 
Agee, James. "A Way of Seeing." Introductory essay in: Helen Levitt, A Way of Seeing. New York, 1965. 
Greenberg, Clement. "The Camera's Glass Eye.' Nation 162 (March 9, 1946): 294-96. 
Tillim, Sidney. "Walker Evans: Photography as Representation." Art Forum 7 (March, 1967): 14-18. 

3.Intentionalism 
a.Esthetics 
"Ask These 20 Questions Whenever You Study a Picture." Popular Photography 42 (March, 1958), 60-61. 
Chappell, Walter, and Minor White. ''Some Methods for Experiencing Photographs.”’Aperture 5, no. 4 (1957): ]56-71. 
Hattersley, Ralph. "Notions on The Criticism of Visual Photography." Aperture 10, no. 3 (1963): 91---114. 
Kraszna"Krausz, A. "Criticism of Photographs." The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography. New York, 1960, pp. 281-82. 
b.Criticism 
"Editors Read Eleven Pictures." Popular Photography 42 (March, 1958): 70-82. 
Gutman, Judith Mara, Lewis W. Hine and the American Social Conscience. New York, 1967. 
Perrin, Stephen C. "Editorial." The Boston Review of Photography 3 (November, 1967): 9-10. 

4.Reading 
a.Methodology 
White Minor. “What Is Meant by ‘Reading' Photographs." Aperture 5, no. 2 (19.57): 48-50. 
b.Readings 
Durrell,James, Jr. "Application of a Formal Method for Reading 'Pictorial' Photographs." Aperture 6, no. 2 (1958): 84-86. 
"The Experience of Photographs, 5 Photographs by Aaron Siskind, 5 Readings by: Kurt Safranski, Henry Holmes Smith, Myron Martin, Walter Chappell, Sam Tung \Vu." Aperture 5, no. 3 (1957): 112-28. 
"An Experiment in 'Reading' Photographs: A Consolidation of Readings by Students at the Rochester Institute of Technology." Aperture 5, no. 2 (1957): 51-75. 
Smith, Henry Holmes. "Image, Obscurity and Interpretation." Aperture 5, no. 4 (19,57): 136-47. 


5.Archetypal Analysis; 
Parker, William E. "Uelsmann's Unitary Reality." Aperture 13, no. 3 (1967): unpaginated. 

Carbon: 64

// pigment process

Richard McGraw (1905-1978) was born in Iowa in 1905. His father was president of McGraw-Edison, Chicago.

Three patents were filed for McGraw Colorgraph:

Patent Date Title
 US2385599  March 1943 Color Photography [Ball & Plotin]
 US2422387  March 1943 Adhesive Temporary Support [Joseph Arthur Ball]
 US2626858  December 1945 Carbro Process [Richard F. McGraw]

The McGraw Colorgraph Company was sold to Carnation in 1953.

Color Photographers

  • William Albert Allard  (1937-) 
  • • John Batho  (1939-) 
  • • Alexandra Boulat  (1962-2007) 
  • • Guy Bourdin  (1928-1991) 
  • • John Bulmer 
  • • David Burnett  (1946-) 
  • • Larry Burrows  (1926-1971) 
  • • Ellen Carey  (1952-) •
  • Vincenzo Castella  (1952-) 
  • • Toni Catany  (1942-) •
  • Mark Cohen  (1943-) •
  • Jean-Claude Coutausse  (1960-) 
  • • Stéphane Couturier  (1957-)
  • • Charles Cushman  (1896-1972) •
  • Louise Dahl-Wolfe  (1895-1989) •
  • Denis Dailleux  (1958-) •
  • Xavier Damon  (1969-) •
  • Thomas Demand  (1964-) 
  • • Bertrand Desprez  (1963-) •
  • Louis Ducos du Hauron  (1837-1920) •
  • William Eggleston  (1939-) 
  • • Bernard Faucon  (1950-) •
  • Franco Fontana  (1933-) •
  • Huger Foote  (1961-) 
  • • Peter Fraser  (1953-) •
  • Gisèle Freund  (1912-2000) •
  • Toto Frima  (1953-) 
  • • Pablo Genovés  (1959-) •
  • Luigi Ghirri  (1943-1992) •
  • Léon Gimpel  (1878-1948) 
  • • Paolo Gioli  (1942-) •
  • Len Gittleman 
  • • Claus Goedicke  (1966-) •
  • Nan Goldin  (1953-) •
  • Jan Groover  (1943-2012) 
  • • Harry Gruyaert  (1941-) 
  • • Andreas Gursky  (1955-) 
  • • Ernst Haas  (1921-1986) •
  • Keld Helmer-Petersen  (1920-2013) •
  • Levi L. Hill  (1816-1865) •
  • Hiro  (1930-) •
  • Horst  (1906-1999) 
  • • Frank Hurley  (1885-1962) •
  • Frederic E. Ives  (1856-1937) •
  • Hugo Jaeger •
  • Albert Kahn  (1860-1940) •
  • Nick Knight  (1958-) 
  • • Edwin H. Land  (1909-1991) •
  • Jacques-Henri Lartigue  (1894-1986) 
  • • Annie Leibovitz  (1949-) 
  • • Saul Leiter  (1923-2013) 
  • • Ouka Lele  (1957-) 
  • • Gabriel Lippmann  (1845-1921) 
  • • Auguste Lumière  (1862-1954) •
  • Serge Lutens  (1942-) •
  • Madame Yevonde  (1893-1975) •
  • Constantine Manos  (1934-) •
  • Dolorès Marat  (1944-) •
  • Gustave Marissiaux  (1872-1929) •
  • Herbert Matter  (1907-1984) •
  • James Clerk Maxwell  (1831-1879) •
  • William Copeland McCalla  (1872-1962) 
  • • Dilip Mehta  (1952-) •
  • Sheila Metzner  (1939-) •
  • Joel Meyerowitz  (1938-) 
  • • Richard Misrach  (1949-) 
  • • Guido Mocafico  (1962-) 
  • • Laurent Monlaü  (1957-)
  •  • Sarah Moon  () 
  • • Yasumasa Morimura  (1951-) •
  • Lorie Novak  (1954-) •
  • Lawrence W. Oliverson 
  • • Paul Outerbridge  (1896-1958) 
  • • Martin Parr  (1952-) •
  • Jack Partington  (1914-1987) 
  • • Christian Patterson  (1972-) 
  • • Otto Pfenninger 
  • • Pierre et Gilles 
  • • Gueorgui Pinkhassov  (1952-)
  •  • Robert Polidori  (1951-) 
  • • Eliot Porter  (1901-1990)
  •  • Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii  (1863-1943) •
  • John Rawlings  () 
  • • Miguel Rio Branco  (1946-) 
  • • Georges Rousse  (1947-) 
  • • Paolo Roversi  (1947-) 
  • • Leo Rubinfien  (1953-) •
  • Satoshi Saikusa  (1959-) 
  • • Lucas Samaras  (1936-) •
  • Lise Sarfati  (1958-) 
  • • David Seidner  (1957-1999) 
  • • Andres Serrano  (check) 
  • • Stephen Shore  (1947-) •
  • Julius Shulman  (1910-2009) 
  • • Arthur Siegel  (1913-1978) 
  • • David Sims •
  • Raghubir Singh  (1941-1999) 
  • • Sandy Skoglund  (1946-) •
  • Edward Steichen  (1879-1973) •
  • Clare Strand  (1973-) 
  • • Jean-Marc Tingaud  (1947-) •
  • Patrick Tosani  (1954-) •
  • Jean-Baptiste Tournassoud  (1866-1951) 
  • • Arthur Tress  (1940-) •
  • John B. Trevor  (1878-1956) •
  • Lars Tunbjörk  (1956-2015)
  •  • Pete Turner  (1934-) •
  • Javier Vallhonrat  (1953-) 
  • • Robert Van der Hilst  (1940-) •
  • Christian Vogt  (1946-) •
  • Robert Walker  (1945-) 
  • • Alex Webb  (1952-) 
  • • Boyd Webb  (1947-) 
  • • William Wegman  (1943-) 
  • • Neil S. Winokur  (1945-)