Chloride Papers

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Chloride papers are lower in sensitivity than are bromide papers, but they are faster to develop. Silver chloride papers usually are fully developed in 60-75 seconds, while typical bromide enlarging papers develop to the same level in 120-140 seconds.

Chloride papers are ‘contact’ speed. They are used under a bright light, not an enlarger, with a negative in contact with the paper. The final image size is the size of the negative, which, probably, means you are working with a large format film.

Current chloride papers are the revived Azo styled “Lodima” and the newly introduced Adox “Lupex.”

current chloride papersAdox announced Lupex with a very considerate offer of free shipping, so I bought a sample pack, and then a box of 8×10. I like the paper. The shipping from Germany to Texas takes 10 days — be patient. Lodima shipment takes only 4 days.

I have seen posts (apug) that Lupex is slower (not much) and warmer than Lodima. That isn’t what I see.

Lupex. Lodima Scan

Lupex v Lodima
Lupex & Lodima: 25 seconds exposure

both papers exposed to same light, for same time. Both papers were developed in the same developer at the same time. To compare color of emulsion, I’ve scanned the papers against a Kodak grey card.

Lupex Fomabrom Scan

Lupex compared to Fomabrom & Fomatone paper

Foma makes 2 papers which provide distinct differences between warm and neutral images. Lupex is closer to the Fomabrom 111.

Exposure Setup

contact light
Soft LED white light in darkroom

Exposure is set using a Gossen lightmeter in diffusion mode. The ASA is set to 320. The lamp is raised to a point where the EV is 10. With the lamp at that height, exposure is 25 seconds for the Stouffer TP 4×5 wedge.

Developer

I use different developers, depending upon the image requirement. Many current users follow the Amidol road (spell lodima).. my preferred formula is in my ‘formulary’ section; also Lupex responds well to variable contrast developers, even more so using the 2 tray method.

More recently, I’ve souped both in Lith developers — they each offer brilliant color ranges in both Fotospeed and Moersch developers. I will probably use Lupex and Moersch later for more than just verification and idea generation.

Notes: See Easy Amidol for developer notes

Resources for making emulsions:

https://www.processreversal.org/public/workshops/handmade_baltimore/HandmadeEmulsionResources.pdf

Kodak Publication AJ-12, “Making a Photographic Emulsion.” https://unblinkingeye.com/Articles/Emulsion/emulsion.html

EJ WAll

The Light Farm: http://thelightfarm.com/Map/ContactPaperDev/ContactPaperPart3.htm

1996, Kodak: Process for making high chloride tabular grain emulsion using multiple stream addition of iodide. Patent

Agitation: Processing Film

Gas Burst:

Gas burst can be used with any size tank and thus it can be used with any volume of solution.

Kodak recommended a one-second burst every 10 seconds at 15 PSI saying that a standard nitrogen tank would feed a 3.5 gallon tank 7 hours a day five days.

Ref:

http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1971AASPB…3….3V/0000004.000.html
spacer plates to even flow across surface. last film over-soups[971AASPB…3….3V Page 4]

View Camera Magazine Article on Gas Burst Agitation in the May/June 2007 issue

Kodak E57 publication “Gaseous-Burst Agitation in Processing,” 8 pages, 1968.

California Stainless http://www.calstainless.com/emprocessors.shtml

Ted Pella  http://www.tedpella.com/photo_html/photo5.htm

Alistair Ingliss [inactive] archive at: http://web.archive.org/web/20170701105151/http://www.alistairinglis.com/

Richards of Hull http://www.richards.uk.com/film-p02.htm

Temperature Controlled Film Process Sink Lines
Black & White, Colour Film, X-Ray, Holographic & Glass Plates

timer: Arkay BT210 or Kodak (Lektra) Burst timer 

Arkay, and Calumet sold small gas-burst in one and two gallon size. 4 hangers and 7 hangers. Calumet sold plexiglass hangers.