how many prints could a printshop make, if a printshop made dyes

Some notes —
in a box: 25 sheets (back in origin time, film came 10 sheets to a box. like now, again. We are back to the fifties.)
1 sheet was for standard tests. QC thingys
3 sheets per print
means 8 prints per box — but we don’t have an answer to our riddle.

Prints On Paper

as supplied, Kodak provided mordanted paper to make  10×12, 11×14, 20×24, 40 inch rolls.
the size frequently used by agencies was 11×14
the 10×12 was what I had students use. For my work, I used the 11×14 and 40 inch roll paper.

Cutting Roll Paper
I cut the roll paper into sheet sizes for prints. The problem with this was the cut edges meant dust. At that time the paper dust seemed the big problem, now, knowing better about the mordant, I wouldn’t do it. I’m lucky, good ventilation and meticulous work mode means I’ve had no side effects from the dust. At the time, I was just reducing the amount of dust introduced into the workroom, and chemistry (paper conditioner).
When I cut the paper I’d use a fresh, new razor blade, each time. Before cutting, I put a covering sheet of tissue over the cutting area. This tissue sheet was about 2 inches wide. It came in rolls of several hundred inches. This tissue sheet was held down using flat stainless rulers — two of them spaced about and inch apart. One, the left one, was what I cut along. Simpler to do than to describe. All of the tissue was scrapped with each cut. This meant a lot of waste, but it made for very clean print process… and that was my intent.

An Answer?

So, how many prints did those beloved custom shops make… making a guess based upon what I’ve gleaned from a couple of conversations — between the demise of Kodak Matrix in 1994 and 2007 the Net Name printer went through most of his paper, with  about a third of his film still stored. Five years later (’12) He had 5 boxes of film to sell. He had used it once the year prior (’11). That guess — one or two images a month! Not much of a living, even at high setup, first print and such fees. No wonder digital is where he went.

How Many
back of napkin

napkin: bought around 30 boxes — used 25 of them — makes it about 16 prints a year. Sounds like a hobby not a career. Good thing the magazines paid for words of wisdom

Production Printing- Dye Transfer

What would a production printer produce? Assuming that you work at a place with consisten daily output for clients that were demaninding, both in terms of quality, but also in terms of commitment to quantity– agencies would order 2 or three prints– not much. Not much as compared to architects or industry or …
I regularly made 20 or 25 prints for an order. So how could we do that, day in and out for multiple clients? We had print rooms setup so that we had 2 roller positions. Automatic tray rockers, and heated transfer blocks.
A general flow: Starting dry.. paper and matrix-set are dry. They have to be placed into holding/ conditioning baths. After about 6 minutes you can begin the process of dying and rolling. This is all about rhythm and directed attention — and practice. At the end of 20 minutes you have a print. Plus 5 mins and your second print is lifted, while your third has one roll down… and so it goes..
This results in a system that produces 6 prints an hour. Since we have to replenish dyes, along with other maintenance chores the real production is about 5 prints per room each hour. This productivity requires near ideal mat-sets, which is why so much attention is given their perfection. Attention including means of testing their match without resorting to production rolling. These separation of functions meant the production area had 3 separate functional spaces. Negatives; matrices; prints
Now, maybe, you understand that odd “5” print staircase .. 5 prints, 15 prints, 25 prints, as price points.

Footnote:

Theory of the Question

Ask a question. The response will depend upon who you are, who you ask, the circumstances, the form of the quesion– spoken, written….
the theory of the human, and the respondents theory of you–
what level of questioner are you? How much effort do they need to give to their answer. What will they gain.
How you answer on a first date, a job interview, an FBI interrogation, your chemistry quiz — all answers are based upon your assumption of an intent, and the reaction you need from the questioner.

“We don’t see things as they are; we see them as we are.”
– Anais Nin

Asking The Net

On the net, most answer to be included. Most answers are opinion, since most questions are based upon a vague or open ended topic. On a tech focused yahoo group I passed a question along.. since this group of 500+ listeners includes many former practitioners of dye transfer, I expected some open response. I did get response, but it fell into a very conventional cycle — answers without expanding understanding… The group consists mostly of hangers on, passive observers — the typical onlooker grouping. They will be happy with gossip. One site provides them talk that they will use on some other place.

net words

fools believe their knowledge complete.. assume that others aren’t as aware, don’t have as much knowledge as they have.
only fools have complete knowledge; or enough

Your Boundary

You bring your own boundary with you. Your limits limit your answer, often by providing a narrow interpretation of the question — frequently this is a view of the questioner.

Who Is The Qustioner

Is the question credible. With any “who’ there is power .. a relationship to an audience. The respondent must support their own self concept, somethimes by rejecting the question, since they don’t understand the qustioner, or respect them

Response Sequence

Q–ME

Ra.1 Jack Denman : what I know about it …
Rb.1 Andrew Cross : from what Frank M … ’98
Rc.1 Ctein : personally I think that’s a pretty silly hypothesis.
— he counters each of the prior posters questions and each answer.
This asserts his primacy of place, his experience as alpha. And completely misunderstands the question, the recent history, and of any understanding I may have. Aside: no one noticed that I had taught a recent class, perhaps, the only class in this decade, maybe this century about dye transfer.
Ra.2 Jack Denman : don’t want to quibble, (answered later parts of Ctein)
=================================
about: Ra — no experience. retired tech user. not a user of DT
Rb. — workshop trained. engineer, teacher. user of DT
Rc. — self taught. educated non-practicing physicist. writer. individual proprietor of photo services. widely known, yet unable to excel or grow a lab business

 

 

Color Printing — things change

… as a place holder. eventually, notes on printing color will appear

Gathering of notations:

Kodak recommends Portra for internegatives. It is pull processed to give the proper reduced contrast. Use 2′ 45″ or 3′ as start point in your darkroom.

The dye impurities exist in most dyes as it is difficult to create a dye that does not impact some of the spectrum outside its target range. For example the cyan dye, which filters out the red light, also filters some of the green light. The color mask is an attempt to correct  that. Slide film resorts to other chemical methods.

The application of this type of coupler to color photographic films requires a knowledge, of the optical characteristics of the colored-coupler images and the control of these characteristics so that they conform with the known practical requirements for producing color photographs.

1 E. Albert, German Patent 101,379 (1899); German Patent 116,538 (1900).

2 W. T. Hanson, Jr. and P. W. Vittum, J. Phot. Soc. Am. 13, 94 (1947).

3 Vittum, Sawdey, Herdle, and Scholl, J. Am. Chem. Soc. (to be published).”

(Hanson, Wesley T., Jr. (1950): Color Correction with Colored Couplers. In: Journal of the Optical Society of America, 40,3, 1950, pp. 166–171, on p. 166.)

US Patent: 2428054 august 1945

RA-4 Printing

use RA-RT developer replenisher for 45 seconds at 100 degrees F.

contrast saturation controls:

You can change saturation and contrast both by use of Sodium Sulfite, pH, and Hydrogen Peroxide. Sulfite and lower pH for down, and H2O2 and higher pH for up. You can also use Citrazinic Acid for down or H-Acid or J-Acid.

Mixing Chemicals

Kodak and Fuji chemicals are interchangeable. However, you cannot interchange part A of one with part B of another. One whole Bleach = one whole bleach.

C-41

The general rule is that what you buy is identified as either “developer” or “developer replenisher.” If it says “developer,” then it is ready to use as mixed. If it is labeled  “replenisher,” this is intended to restore strength to your working “developer.”If you want to mix a “replenisher” solution to directly develop film, it should be diluted and have “starter solution” added {per the directions}.

— Summer 2018 —

Here’s an update with links to Unique Photo’s products and pricing (USA only). Note the new/different packaging of the final rinse.

The first two items are needed to make ~6.5 liters of working solution developer. The mixing instructions are on the packaging (though you’ll have to adjust for proportions). You will have starter left over. The third item is a box containing two bladder bags of bleach and fixer. Use the bleach straight, mix the fixer 1+1 with water. Final Rinse is mixed according to the instructions (~1+100 with water).

C-41 Developer Replenisher ($13.95)
http://www.uniquephoto.com/product/c-41-dev-repl-lorr-tm-5l-ek-kodak-xhaz-hazsp1-832-0608-8231672/

C-41 Developer Starter ($14.00)
http://www.uniquephoto.com/product/kodak-c-41-dev-starter-lorr-1-2l-6601074/

Separate Bleach and Fix ($38.00)
http://www.uniquephoto.com/product/…sing-unit-f2-for-color-negative-film-1173319/

Final Rinse ($4.98)
http://www.uniquephoto.com/product/kodak-c-41-rinse-replenisher-tm-5-liters-8673170/

For 135-36 rolls:
– Developer/Starter: 6.5 liters total volume; use one-shot; capacity: 27 rolls
– Bleach: no dilution, 1 liter total volume; reuse at 10 rolls/liter; capacity: 10 rolls
– Fixer: dilute 1:1, 4.32 liters total volume; reuse at 10 rolls/liter; capacity: 43 rolls
– Final rinse: 5 liters total volume; reuse at 10 rolls/liter; capacity: 50 rolls

=========

Fix portion of BLIX can be replaced with TF5 or C41 fix — dilute fix to 1/3 or 1/4 volume before adding into part B of blix…

color wheel from Ansco Printon booklet. An early process with simple instruction.